> 4) Lightning. I've never camped above tree line. We intend to spend the night before the Whitney ascent at the 11,900 tarns above Guitar Lake. What do you do if a thunderstorm rolls in when you're that far from cover? Just assume the lightning position and pray?

Actually, you can be just as vulnerable among trees in a lightning storm. Fortunately, the thunderstorms are mostly an afternoon event, so you should be up and moving, and able to find the most protected area possible.